Joseph Kabila has been appointed as the leader of a new rebel coalition in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Front for the Refoundation of the Nation (FRN) intends to coordinate "resistance forces" to end "tyranny" in the country and will pursue this goal "by all means, including force."

Sultani Makenga will serve as one of four deputies for Kabila within the new movement. Kabila, who governed the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2001 until January 2019, was sentenced to death in absentia for treason one year ago.

The former leader accused the government of President Félix Tshisekedi of ignoring his proposals from last year. He further alleged that the administration is undermining constitutional rule, mismanaging the economy, and failing to improve security while carrying out arbitrary arrests of military officers and political opponents.

Tshisekedi assumed office in January 2019 after a disputed election and is scheduled to serve until 2028. Parliament recently passed a bill that could enable a referendum to remove the two-term limit on the constitution.

Protesters in the capital clashed with authorities last month against these proposed constitutional changes. More than 100 militia groups remain active across eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, where the M23 group has controlled Goma since last year.